Module #502, TG: 2, TC: 2.2, 279 probes, 279 Entrez genes, 4 conditions

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Under-expression is coded with green, over-expression with red color.

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This is one of three sections showing Gene Ontology enrichment of the current module: in this case for biological processes.

The graph shows the hierarchy of the GO categories, their enrichment for the current module is color coded, and the blue number beside the category is the minus log ten p-value of the enrichment. (Calculated using the standard hypergeometric test.) The color of the arrows code «is a» (cyan) and «part of» relationships.

The tree was built the following way. First all GO terms with more significant enrichment p-value than 0.05 were collected. Then all paths from these terms to the root node of the GO tree were included too. If a GO term is included more than once in the tree, then the green numbers show 1) the id of the node, this makes it easier to find other appereances of the term, and 2) the number of appearences.

Note that the same GO category might show up on the graph many times. This is because the GO was «straightened» for this graph, i.e. if there are more paths from a GO term to the root node of the tree, all of them are included. The green numbers

Move the mouse cursor over the terms to get their definition. Clicking on them takes you to the corresponding Gene Ontology web page.

If you cannot see a graph here at all, that means that there were no significantly enriched GO categories, at the 0.05 level.

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metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation.

regulation of the force of heart contraction

Any process that modulates the extent of heart contraction, changing the force with which blood is propelled.

heart morphogenesis

The developmental process by which the heart is generated and organized. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.

system process

A multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system. An organ system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a biological objective.

muscle system process

A organ system process carried out at the level of a muscle. Muscle tissue is composed of contractile cells or fibers.

circulatory system process

A organ system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the circulatory system. The circulatory system is an organ system that moves extracellular fluids to and from tissue within a multicellular organism.

heart process

A circulatory system process carried out by the heart. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.

cardiac chamber development

The progression of a cardiac chamber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac chamber is an enclosed cavity within the heart.

cardiac chamber morphogenesis

The process by which a cardiac chamber is generated and organized. A cardiac chamber is an enclosed cavity within the heart.

cardiac ventricle morphogenesis

The process by which the cardiac ventricle is generated and organized. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart.

ventricular cardiac muscle tissue development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of ventricular cardiac muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

cardiac ventricle development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cardiac ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart.

muscle contraction

A process whereby force is generated within muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis.

acetyl-CoA metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving acetyl-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated; it is a metabolite derived from several pathways (e.g. glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, amino-acid catabolism) and is further metabolized by the tricarboxylic acid cycle. It is a key intermediate in lipid and terpenoid biosynthesis.

generation of precursor metabolites and energy

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of precursor metabolites, substances from which energy is derived, and any process involved in the liberation of energy from these substances.

tricarboxylic acid cycle

A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle.

oxidation reduction

The process of removal or addition of one or more electrons with or without the concomitant removal or addition of a proton or protons.

respiratory electron transport chain

A process whereby a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors such as NADH and FADH2 to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.

oxidative phosphorylation

The phosphorylation of ADP to ATP that accompanies the oxidation of a metabolite through the operation of the respiratory chain. Oxidation of compounds establishes a proton gradient across the membrane, providing the energy for ATP synthesis.

mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone

The transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex I.

electron transport chain

A process whereby a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.

nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process

Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.

regulation of nucleotide metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides.

purine nucleotide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate moiety at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of its glycose moiety.

purine nucleotide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a purine nucleotide, a compound consisting of nucleoside (a purine base linked to a deoxyribose or ribose sugar) esterified with a phosphate moiety at either the 3' or 5'-hydroxyl group of its glycose moiety.

coenzyme metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzymes, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed.

oxidoreduction coenzyme metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving coenzymes that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an oxidoreductase reaction to proceed.

NADH metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.

nucleoside phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving any phosphorylated nucleoside.

phosphorus metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element phosphorus or compounds that contain phosphorus, usually in the form of a phosphate group (PO4).

phosphate metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving the phosphate group, the anion or salt of any phosphoric acid.

nitrogen compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds; includes nitrogen fixation, nitrification, denitrification, assimilatory/dissimilatory nitrate reduction and the interconversion of nitrogenous organic matter and ammonium.

transport

The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of, within or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some external agent such as a transporter or pore.

striated muscle contraction

A process whereby force is generated within striated muscle tissue, resulting in the shortening of the muscle. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Striated muscle is a type of muscle in which the repeating units (sarcomeres) of the contractile myofibrils are arranged in registry throughout the cell, resulting in transverse or oblique striations observable at the level of the light microscope.

multicellular organismal development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult).

anatomical structure morphogenesis

The process by which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

organ morphogenesis

Morphogenesis of an organ. An organ is defined as a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process by which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.

tissue development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

heart development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.

muscle organ development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The muscle is an organ consisting of a tissue made up of various elongated cells that are specialized to contract and thus to produce movement and mechanical work.

blood circulation

The flow of blood through the body of an animal, enabling the transport of nutrients to the tissues and the removal of waste products.

regulation of heart contraction

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. Heart contraction is the process by which the heart decreases in volume in a characteristic way to propel blood through the body.

biological_process

Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end.

actin filament-based movement

Movement of organelles or other particles along actin filaments, or sliding of actin filaments past each other, mediated by motor proteins.

catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, including the breakdown of carbon compounds with the liberation of energy for use by the cell or organism.

aerobic respiration

The enzymatic release of energy from organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor.

coenzyme catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of coenzymes, any of various nonprotein organic cofactors that are required, in addition to an enzyme and a substrate, for an enzymatic reaction to proceed.

nucleotide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleotide, a nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates).

nucleotide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides, any nucleoside that is esterified with (ortho)phosphate or an oligophosphate at any hydroxyl group on the glycose moiety; may be mono-, di- or triphosphate; this definition includes cyclic-nucleotides (nucleoside cyclic phosphates).

regulation of catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances.

cellular process

Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.

striated muscle tissue development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells.

energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds

The chemical reactions and pathways by which a cell derives energy from organic compounds; results in the oxidation of the compounds from which energy is released.

phosphorylation

The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide.

regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process

Any cellular process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.

regulation of metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism.

pyridine nucleotide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base.

NAD metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), a coenzyme present in most living cells and derived from the B vitamin nicotinic acid.

actin filament-based process

Any cellular process that depends upon or alters the actin cytoskeleton, that part of the cytoskeleton comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins.

muscle filament sliding

The sliding of actin thin filaments and myosin thick filaments past each other in muscle contraction. This involves a process of interaction of myosin located on a thick filament with actin located on a thin filament. During this process ATP is split and forces are generated.

cytoskeleton-dependent intracellular transport

The directed movement of substances along cytoskeletal elements such as microfilaments or microtubules within a cell.

regulation of nucleotide catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides.

regulation of cellular metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.

regulation of cellular catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells.

multicellular organismal process

Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function.

developmental process

A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit: an anatomical structure (which may be a subcellular structure, cell, tissue, or organ), or organism over time from an initial condition to a later condition.

positive regulation of ATPase activity

Any process that activates or increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis by an ATPase.

regulation of purine nucleotide catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleotides.

actin-myosin filament sliding

The sliding movement of actin thin filaments and myosin thick filaments past each other.

cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds, as carried out by individual cells.

nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.

nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides.

ATP synthesis coupled electron transport

The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP.

mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport

The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP, as it occurs in the mitochondrial inner membrane or chloroplast thylakoid membrane.

positive regulation of catalytic activity

Any process that activates or increases the activity of an enzyme.

regulation of ATPase activity

Any process that modulates the rate of ATP hydrolysis by an ATPase.

regulation of system process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system.

positive regulation of molecular function

Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of a molecular function, an elemental biological activity occurring at the molecular level, such as catalysis or binding.

cellular metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.

primary metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism.

cellular catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells.

cellular nitrogen compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds.

small molecule metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving small molecules, any monomeric molecule of small relative molecular mass.

small molecule catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of small molecules, any monomeric molecule of small relative molecular mass.

cellular respiration

The enzymatic release of energy from organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which either requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) or does not (anaerobic respiration).

acetyl-CoA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetyl-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated.

heterocycle metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings).

nicotinamide nucleotide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving nicotinamide nucleotides, any nucleotide that contains combined nicotinamide.

heterocycle catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings).

intracellular transport

The directed movement of substances within a cell.

organ development

Development of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions.

tissue morphogenesis

The process by which the anatomical structures of a tissue are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

system development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organismal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A system is a regularly interacting or interdependent group of organs or tissues that work together to carry out a given biological process.

cardiac muscle tissue development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of cardiac muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

anatomical structure development

The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome.

regulation of biological process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule.

regulation of catalytic activity

Any process that modulates the activity of an enzyme.

regulation of cellular process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level.

regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds.

localization

Any process by which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in a specific location.

cofactor metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein. Cofactors may be inorganic, such as the metal atoms zinc, iron, and copper in certain forms, or organic, in which case they are referred to as coenzymes. Cofactors may either be bound tightly to active sites or bind loosely with the substrate.

cofactor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein.

establishment of localization

The directed movement of a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location.

regulation of multicellular organismal process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a multicellular organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of a multicellular organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs.

regulation of hydrolase activity

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3.

positive regulation of hydrolase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds.

cellular localization

Any process by which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell.

establishment of localization in cell

The directed movement of a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell.

cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis

The process by which the anatomical structures of cardiac muscle tissue are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis

The process by which the anatomical structures of cardiac ventricle muscle is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process

The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides.

heart contraction

The multicellular organismal process by which the heart decreases in volume in a characteristic way to propel blood through the body.

cardiac muscle contraction

Muscle contraction of cardiac muscle tissue.

muscle tissue morphogenesis

The process by which the anatomical structures of muscle tissue are generated and organized. Muscle tissue consists of a set of cells that are part of an organ and carry out a contractive function. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

muscle tissue development

The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers.

muscle structure development

The progression of a muscle structure over time, from its formation to its mature state. Muscle structures are contractile cells, tissues or organs that are found in multicellular organisms.

biological regulation

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any biological process, quality or function.

regulation of biological quality

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological quality. A biological quality is a measurable attribute of an organism or part of an organism, such as size, mass, shape, color, etc.

regulation of molecular function

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a molecular function, an elemental biological activity occurring at the molecular level, such as catalysis or binding.

actin-mediated cell contraction

The actin filament-based process by which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in contraction of all or part of the cell body.

regulation of primary metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism involving those compounds formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism.

all

cellular metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.

multicellular organismal development

regulation of metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism.

regulation of cellular process

regulation of multicellular organismal process

establishment of localization

The directed movement of a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location.

cellular localization

Any process by which a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within or in the membrane of a cell.

regulation of biological process

regulation of catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances.

regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds.

regulation of cellular metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.

cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds, as carried out by individual cells.

cellular catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells.

regulation of primary metabolic process

small molecule catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of small molecules, any monomeric molecule of small relative molecular mass.

regulation of cellular metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances.

establishment of localization in cell

The directed movement of a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, to a specific location within, or in the membrane of, a cell.

regulation of system process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a system process, a multicellular organismal process carried out by any of the organs or tissues in an organ system.

anatomical structure morphogenesis

The process by which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

system development

intracellular transport

The directed movement of substances within a cell.

regulation of catalytic activity

Any process that modulates the activity of an enzyme.

nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process

Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.

regulation of cellular catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells.

cellular nitrogen compound catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds.

regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process

Any cellular process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.

regulation of cellular catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, carried out by individual cells.

regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process

Any cellular process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.

electron transport chain

heterocycle catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of heterocyclic compounds, those with a cyclic molecular structure and at least two different atoms in the ring (or rings).

cofactor catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a cofactor, a substance that is required for the activity of an enzyme or other protein.

regulation of nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid metabolic process

Any cellular process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.

nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide metabolic process

The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides.

nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides.

actin-myosin filament sliding

The sliding movement of actin thin filaments and myosin thick filaments past each other.

organ development

tissue morphogenesis

The process by which the anatomical structures of a tissue are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

cardiac chamber morphogenesis

The process by which a cardiac chamber is generated and organized. A cardiac chamber is an enclosed cavity within the heart.

tissue morphogenesis

The process by which the anatomical structures of a tissue are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

organ morphogenesis

tissue development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

muscle organ development

positive regulation of catalytic activity

Any process that activates or increases the activity of an enzyme.

nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide and nucleic acid catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids.

positive regulation of hydrolase activity

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of hydrolase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds.

ATP synthesis coupled electron transport

The transfer of electrons through a series of electron donors and acceptors, generating energy that is ultimately used for synthesis of ATP.

purine nucleotide catabolic process

coenzyme catabolic process

nucleobase, nucleoside and nucleotide catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleobases, nucleosides and nucleotides.

muscle filament sliding

heart contraction

The multicellular organismal process by which the heart decreases in volume in a characteristic way to propel blood through the body.

regulation of the force of heart contraction

Any process that modulates the extent of heart contraction, changing the force with which blood is propelled.

cardiac chamber morphogenesis

The process by which a cardiac chamber is generated and organized. A cardiac chamber is an enclosed cavity within the heart.

cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis

The process by which the anatomical structures of cardiac muscle tissue are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

cardiac ventricle morphogenesis

The process by which the cardiac ventricle is generated and organized. A cardiac ventricle receives blood from a cardiac atrium and pumps it out of the heart.

heart morphogenesis

The developmental process by which the heart is generated and organized. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood.

cardiac chamber development

The progression of a cardiac chamber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A cardiac chamber is an enclosed cavity within the heart.

muscle tissue development

The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers.

actin filament-based movement

Movement of organelles or other particles along actin filaments, or sliding of actin filaments past each other, mediated by motor proteins.

regulation of nucleotide catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides.

regulation of purine nucleotide catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of purine nucleotides.

purine nucleotide catabolic process

regulation of nucleotide catabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nucleotides.

positive regulation of ATPase activity

Any process that activates or increases the rate of ATP hydrolysis by an ATPase.

respiratory electron transport chain

oxidative phosphorylation

acetyl-CoA catabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of acetyl-CoA, a derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is acetylated.

regulation of nucleotide metabolic process

Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleotides.

purine nucleotide metabolic process

nucleotide catabolic process

pyridine nucleotide metabolic process

The chemical reactions and pathways involving a pyridine nucleotide, a nucleotide characterized by a pyridine derivative as a nitrogen base.

regulation of heart contraction

cardiac muscle contraction

Muscle contraction of cardiac muscle tissue.

ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis

The process by which the anatomical structures of cardiac ventricle muscle is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

cardiac muscle tissue development

The process whose specific outcome is the progression of cardiac muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure.

cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis

The process by which the anatomical structures of cardiac muscle tissue are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone

The transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone that occurs during oxidative phosphorylation, mediated by the multisubunit enzyme known as complex I.

regulation of ATPase activity

Any process that modulates the rate of ATP hydrolysis by an ATPase.

tricarboxylic acid cycle

ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis

The process by which the anatomical structures of cardiac ventricle muscle is generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form.

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Move the mouse cursor over the terms to get their definition. Clicking on them takes you to the corresponding Gene Ontology web page.

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plasma membrane

The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

intracellular

The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.

contractile fiber

Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle.

membrane

Double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins.

mitochondrion

A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

endoplasmic reticulum

The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached).

cellular_component

The part of a cell or its extracellular environment in which a gene product is located. A gene product may be located in one or more parts of a cell and its location may be as specific as a particular macromolecular complex, that is, a stable, persistent association of macromolecules that function together.

cell

The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope.

cytoplasm

All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

mitochondrial envelope

The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space.

mitochondrial inner membrane

The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae.

mitochondrial respiratory chain

The protein complexes that form the mitochondrial electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with the inner mitochondrial membrane. The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.

mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I

A protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane that forms part of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It contains about 25 different polypeptide subunits, including NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone), flavin mononucleotide and several different iron-sulfur clusters containing non-heme iron. The iron undergoes oxidation-reduction between Fe(II) and Fe(III), and catalyzes proton translocation linked to the oxidation of NADH by ubiquinone.

cytoskeleton

Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles.

muscle myosin complex

A filament of myosin found in a muscle cell of any type.

striated muscle thin filament

Filaments formed of actin and associated proteins; attached to Z discs at either end of sarcomeres in myofibrils.

cell-cell junction

A cell junction that forms a connection between two cells; excludes direct cytoplasmic junctions such as ring canals.

adherens junction

A cell junction at which anchoring proteins (cadherins or integrins) extend through the plasma membrane and are attached to actin filaments.

cell-cell adherens junction

An adherens junction which connects two cells to each other.

fascia adherens

A cell-cell junction that contains the transmembrane protein N-cadherin, which interacts with identical molecules from neighboring cells to form a tight mechanical intercellular link; forms a large portion of the intercalated disc, the structure at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes.

intercalated disc

A complex cell-cell junction at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes; mediates mechanical and electrochemical integration between individual cardiomyocytes. The intercalated disc contains regions of tight mechanical attachment (fasciae adherentes and desmosomes) and electrical coupling (gap junctions) between adjacent cells.

actin cytoskeleton

The part of the cytoskeleton (the internal framework of a cell) composed of actin and associated proteins. Includes actin cytoskeleton-associated complexes.

myosin complex

A protein complex, formed of one or more myosin heavy chains plus associated light chains and other proteins, that functions as a molecular motor; uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to move actin filaments or to move vesicles or other cargo on fixed actin filaments; has magnesium-ATPase activity and binds actin. Myosin classes are distinguished based on sequence features of the motor, or head, domain, but also have distinct tail regions that are believed to bind specific cargoes.

myosin II complex

A myosin complex containing two class II myosin heavy chains, two myosin essential light chains and two myosin regulatory light chains. Also known as classical myosin or conventional myosin, the myosin II class includes the major muscle myosin of vertebrate and invertebrate muscle, and is characterized by alpha-helical coiled coil tails that self assemble to form a variety of filament structures.

sarcoplasm

The cytoplasm of a muscle cell; includes the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

sarcoplasmic reticulum

A fine reticular network of membrane-limited elements that pervades the sarcoplasm of a muscle cell; continuous over large portions of the cell and with the nuclear envelope; that part of the endoplasmic reticulum specialized for calcium release, uptake and storage.

organelle inner membrane

The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites.

myofibril

The contractile element of skeletal and cardiac muscle; a long, highly organized bundle of actin, myosin, and other proteins that contracts by a sliding filament mechanism.

sarcomere

The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs.

Z disc

Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached.

cell junction

A plasma membrane part that forms a specialized region of connection between two cells or between a cell and the extracellular matrix. At a cell junction, anchoring proteins extend through the plasma membrane to link cytoskeletal proteins in one cell to cytoskeletal proteins in neighboring cells or to proteins in the extracellular matrix.

NADH dehydrogenase complex

An integral membrane complex that possesses NADH oxidoreductase activity. The complex is one of the components of the electron transport chain. It catalyzes the transfer of a pair of electrons from NADH to a quinone.

organelle membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding an organelle.

A band

The dark-staining region of a sarcomere, in which myosin thick filaments are present; the center is traversed by the paler H zone, which in turn contains the M line.

I band

A region of a sarcomere that appears as a light band on each side of the Z disc, comprising a region of the sarcomere where thin (actin) filaments are not overlapped by thick (myosin) filaments; contains actin, troponin, and tropomyosin; each sarcomere includes half of an I band at each end.

mitochondrial membrane

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.

organelle envelope

A double membrane structure enclosing an organelle, including two lipid bilayers and the region between them. In some cases, an organelle envelope may have more than two membranes.

envelope

A multilayered structure surrounding all or part of a cell; encompasses one or more lipid bilayers, and may include a cell wall layer; also includes the space between layers.

macromolecular complex

A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which the constituent parts function together.

sarcolemma

The outer membrane of a muscle cell, consisting of the plasma membrane, a covering basement membrane (about 100 nm thick and sometimes common to more than one fiber), and the associated loose network of collagen fibers.

organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane.

membrane-bounded organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.

non-membrane-bounded organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes.

intracellular organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton. Excludes the plasma membrane.

intracellular membrane-bounded organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane.

intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes.

protein complex

Any macromolecular complex composed of two or more polypeptide subunits, which may or may not be identical. Protein complexes may have other associated non-protein prosthetic groups, such as nucleotides, metal ions or other small molecules.

cell-cell contact zone

Extended zone of intimate apposition between two cells containing one or more types of intercellular junctions, e.g., the intercalated disk of muscle.

organelle part

Any constituent part of an organelle, an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes constituent parts of the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, but excludes the plasma membrane.

intracellular part

Any constituent part of the living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm.

membrane part

Any constituent part of a membrane, a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins.

mitochondrial part

Any constituent part of a mitochondrion, a semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

cytoskeletal part

Any constituent part of the cytoskeleton, a cellular scaffolding or skeleton that maintains cell shape, enables some cell motion (using structures such as flagella and cilia), and plays important roles in both intra-cellular transport (e.g. the movement of vesicles and organelles) and cellular division. Includes constituent parts of intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, and the microtrabecular lattice.

cytoplasmic part

Any constituent part of the cytoplasm, all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

intracellular organelle part

A constituent part of an intracellular organelle, an organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, occurring within the cell. Includes constituent parts of the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton but excludes the plasma membrane.

contractile fiber part

Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle.

mitochondrial membrane part

Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.

plasma membrane part

Any constituent part of the plasma membrane, the membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

cell part

Any constituent part of a cell, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms.

respiratory chain complex I

Respiratory chain complex I is an enzyme of the respiratory chain. It consists of at least 34 polypeptide chains and is L-shaped, with a horizontal arm lying in the membrane and a vertical arm that projects into the matrix. The electrons of NADH enter the chain at this complex.

anchoring junction

A cell junction that mechanically attaches a cell (and its cytoskeleton) to neighboring cells or to the extracellular matrix.

respiratory chain

The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient.

subsynaptic reticulum

An elaborate tubulolamellar membrane system that underlies the postsynaptic cell membrane.

all

cell part

Any constituent part of a cell, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms.

organelle part

organelle membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding an organelle.

intracellular membrane-bounded organelle

intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle

Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, not bounded by a lipid bilayer membrane and occurring within the cell. Includes ribosomes, the cytoskeleton and chromosomes.

intracellular organelle part

organelle envelope

A double membrane structure enclosing an organelle, including two lipid bilayers and the region between them. In some cases, an organelle envelope may have more than two membranes.

intracellular part

organelle membrane

The lipid bilayer surrounding an organelle.

membrane part

organelle envelope

A double membrane structure enclosing an organelle, including two lipid bilayers and the region between them. In some cases, an organelle envelope may have more than two membranes.

organelle inner membrane

The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites.

NADH dehydrogenase complex

intracellular organelle

intracellular organelle part

NADH dehydrogenase complex

organelle inner membrane

The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites.

mitochondrial inner membrane

The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae.

mitochondrial membrane part

Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.

mitochondrial envelope

The double lipid bilayer enclosing the mitochondrion and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space.

mitochondrial membrane

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.

mitochondrial membrane part

Any constituent part of a mitochondrial membrane, either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.

striated muscle thin filament

Filaments formed of actin and associated proteins; attached to Z discs at either end of sarcomeres in myofibrils.

myosin complex

striated muscle thin filament

Filaments formed of actin and associated proteins; attached to Z discs at either end of sarcomeres in myofibrils.

A band

The dark-staining region of a sarcomere, in which myosin thick filaments are present; the center is traversed by the paler H zone, which in turn contains the M line.

I band

Z disc

Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached.

plasma membrane part

Any constituent part of the plasma membrane, the membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins.

cytoplasmic part

Any constituent part of the cytoplasm, all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures.

contractile fiber

Fibers, composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle.

mitochondrion

A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration.

endoplasmic reticulum

mitochondrial part

contractile fiber part

Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle.

subsynaptic reticulum

An elaborate tubulolamellar membrane system that underlies the postsynaptic cell membrane.

mitochondrial respiratory chain

respiratory chain complex I

muscle myosin complex

A filament of myosin found in a muscle cell of any type.

mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I

mitochondrial membrane

Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope.

mitochondrial part

sarcoplasmic reticulum

contractile fiber part

Any constituent part of a contractile fiber, a fiber composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins, found in cells of smooth or striated muscle.

cytoskeletal part

mitochondrial respiratory chain

sarcoplasmic reticulum

mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I

sarcomere

The repeating unit of a myofibril in a muscle cell, composed of an array of overlapping thick and thin filaments between two adjacent Z discs.

striated muscle thin filament

Filaments formed of actin and associated proteins; attached to Z discs at either end of sarcomeres in myofibrils.

myosin complex

cell-cell adherens junction

An adherens junction which connects two cells to each other.

fascia adherens

HELP

This is one of three sections showing Gene Ontology enrichment of the current module: in this case for molecular function.

Move the mouse cursor over the terms to get their definition. Clicking on them takes you to the corresponding Gene Ontology web page.

If you cannot see a graph here at all, that means that there were no significantly enriched GO categories, at the 0.05 level.

— Click on the Help button again to close this help window.

color bar

protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein or protein complex (a complex of two or more proteins that may include other nonprotein molecules).

molecular_function

Elemental activities, such as catalysis or binding, describing the actions of a gene product at the molecular level. A given gene product may exhibit one or more molecular functions.

actin binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with monomeric or multimeric forms of actin, including actin filaments.

catalytic activity

Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic.

structural molecule activity

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a complex or assembly within or outside a cell.

binding

The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule.

tropomyosin binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with tropomyosin, a protein associated with actin filaments both in cytoplasm and, in association with troponin, in the thin filament of striated muscle.

oxidoreductase activity

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction, a reversible chemical reaction in which the oxidation state of an atom or atoms within a molecule is altered. One substrate acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and becomes oxidized, while the other acts as hydrogen or electron acceptor and becomes reduced.

cytoskeletal protein binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any protein component of any cytoskeleton (actin, microtubule, or intermediate filament cytoskeleton).

structural constituent of muscle

The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a muscle fiber.

oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH

Catalysis of an oxidation-reduction (redox) reaction in which NADH or NADPH acts as a hydrogen or electron donor and reduces a hydrogen or electron acceptor.

myosin binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of a myosin complex; myosins are any of a superfamily of molecular motor proteins that bind to actin and use the energy of ATP hydrolysis to generate force and movement along actin filaments.

myosin heavy chain binding

Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a heavy chain of a myosin complex.

all

HELP

List of all enriched GO categories (biological processes), at the 0.05 p-value level.

The columns:

ExpCount is the expected count of genes in the module annotated with the given GO term, just by chance.
Count is the number of genes in the module annotated with the given GO term.
Size is the total number of genes (in our universe) annotated with the GO term.

Clicking on Count shows the genes that drive the enrichment. You can also click on the individual numbers in the Count column, to show the driving genes for that individual GO category.

Clicking on the GO identifiers takes you to the Gene Ontology web pages.

— Click on the Help button again to close this help window.

Id	Pvalue	ExpCount	Count	Size	Term
GO:0045333	2.895e-08	1.769	15	36	cellular respiration
GO:0003012	5.329e-07	3.979	20	81	muscle system process
GO:0006936	6.714e-07	3.635	19	74	muscle contraction
GO:0015980	9.308e-07	2.948	17	60	energy derivation by oxidation of organic compounds
GO:0006941	3.292e-06	0.9826	10	20	striated muscle contraction
GO:0055008	4.805e-06	0.5895	8	12	cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis
GO:0060415	4.805e-06	0.5895	8	12	muscle tissue morphogenesis
GO:0042773	8.446e-06	0.8352	9	17	ATP synthesis coupled electron transport
GO:0042775	8.446e-06	0.8352	9	17	mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transport
GO:0048738	1.027e-05	1.67	12	34	cardiac muscle tissue development
GO:0003206	1.370e-05	1.13	10	23	cardiac chamber morphogenesis
GO:0003229	1.975e-05	0.4913	7	10	ventricular cardiac muscle tissue development
GO:0055010	1.975e-05	0.4913	7	10	ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis
GO:0003205	4.466e-05	1.277	10	26	cardiac chamber development
GO:0003231	5.897e-05	1.032	9	21	cardiac ventricle development
GO:0022904	5.897e-05	1.032	9	21	respiratory electron transport chain
GO:0009060	6.389e-05	0.7861	8	16	aerobic respiration
GO:0030049	6.389e-05	0.2456	5 MYBPC3, MYL1, TNNC1, TNNT2, TPM1	5	muscle filament sliding
GO:0033275	6.389e-05	0.2456	5 MYBPC3, MYL1, TNNC1, TNNT2, TPM1	5	actin-myosin filament sliding
GO:0070252	6.389e-05	0.2456	5 MYBPC3, MYL1, TNNC1, TNNT2, TPM1	5	actin-mediated cell contraction
GO:0006091	7.456e-05	5.502	20	112	generation of precursor metabolites and energy
GO:0060048	8.825e-05	0.5895	7	12	cardiac muscle contraction
GO:0003208	1.047e-04	0.8352	8	17	cardiac ventricle morphogenesis
GO:0055114	1.057e-04	9.482	27	193	oxidation reduction
GO:0007517	1.219e-04	5.699	20	116	muscle organ development
GO:0006119	1.632e-04	1.474	10	30	oxidative phosphorylation
GO:0022900	1.665e-04	1.818	11	37	electron transport chain
GO:0061061	1.798e-04	6.927	22	141	muscle structure development
GO:0043462	1.839e-04	0.4422	6 MYBPC3, MYL3, MYL4, TNNC1, TNNT2, TPM1	9	regulation of ATPase activity
GO:0003015	2.116e-04	1.867	11	38	heart process
GO:0060047	2.116e-04	1.867	11	38	heart contraction
GO:0006734	7.758e-04	0.1965	4 DLST, IDH3A, MDH1, MDH2	4	NADH metabolic process
GO:0014706	9.713e-04	3.537	14	72	striated muscle tissue development
GO:0003007	1.150e-03	2.26	11	46	heart morphogenesis
GO:0006120	1.188e-03	0.5895	6	12	mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone
GO:0032781	1.600e-03	0.393	5 MYBPC3, MYL3, MYL4, TNNT2, TPM1	8	positive regulation of ATPase activity
GO:0060537	2.130e-03	3.832	14	78	muscle tissue development
GO:0007507	4.160e-03	5.748	17	117	heart development
GO:0002026	4.971e-03	0.4913	5 ATP2A2, CSRP3, MYL3, MYL4, PLN	10	regulation of the force of heart contraction
GO:0006099	4.971e-03	0.4913	5 DLST, IDH3A, MDH1, MDH2, PDHB	10	tricarboxylic acid cycle
GO:0009109	4.971e-03	0.4913	5 DLST, IDH3A, MDH1, MDH2, PDHB	10	coenzyme catabolic process
GO:0046356	4.971e-03	0.4913	5 DLST, IDH3A, MDH1, MDH2, PDHB	10	acetyl-CoA catabolic process
GO:0003013	5.324e-03	4.765	15	97	circulatory system process
GO:0008015	5.324e-03	4.765	15	97	blood circulation
GO:0006084	5.861e-03	0.7861	6 DLD, DLST, IDH3A, MDH1, MDH2, PDHB	16	acetyl-CoA metabolic process
GO:0030048	7.759e-03	0.5404	5 MYBPC3, MYL1, TNNC1, TNNT2, TPM1	11	actin filament-based movement
GO:0008016	8.569e-03	1.572	8	32	regulation of heart contraction
GO:0051187	1.615e-02	0.6387	5 DLST, IDH3A, MDH1, MDH2, PDHB	13	cofactor catabolic process
GO:0006733	1.758e-02	0.9826	6 COQ5, COQ9, DLST, IDH3A, MDH1, MDH2	20	oxidoreduction coenzyme metabolic process
GO:0030239	2.012e-02	0.393	4 BMP10, TMOD1, TNNT2, TPM1	8	myofibril assembly
GO:0090257	2.607e-02	1.474	7	30	regulation of muscle system process
GO:0031032	2.994e-02	0.4422	4 BMP10, TMOD1, TNNT2, TPM1	9	actomyosin structure organization
GO:0010927	4.236e-02	0.4913	4 BMP10, TMOD1, TNNT2, TPM1	10	cellular component assembly involved in morphogenesis
GO:0019674	4.236e-02	0.4913	4 DLST, IDH3A, MDH1, MDH2	10	NAD metabolic process
GO:0006937	4.599e-02	1.228	6 MYBPC3, MYL3, MYOCD, RYR2, TNNC1, TPM1	25	regulation of muscle contraction
GO:0045214	4.686e-02	0.2456	3 BMP10, TNNT2, TPM1	5	sarcomere organization
GO:0060347	4.686e-02	0.2456	3 BMP10, EGLN1, FHL2	5	heart trabecula formation

HELP

List of all enriched GO categories (cellular components), at the 0.05 p-value level.

The columns:

ExpCount is the expected count of genes in the module annotated with the given GO term, just by chance.
Count is the number of genes in the module annotated with the given GO term.
Size is the total number of genes (in our universe) annotated with the GO term.

Clicking on Count shows the genes that drive the enrichment. You can also click on the individual numbers in the Count column, to show the driving genes for that individual GO category.

Clicking on the GO identifiers takes you to the Gene Ontology web pages.

— Click on the Help button again to close this help window.

Id	Pvalue	ExpCount	Count	Size	Term
GO:0030016	2.607e-17	2.161	24	45	myofibril
GO:0030017	3.620e-17	1.777	22	37	sarcomere
GO:0043292	4.194e-17	2.209	24	46	contractile fiber
GO:0044449	4.952e-16	1.969	22	41	contractile fiber part
GO:0031674	1.007e-09	1.104	13	23	I band
GO:0005739	5.370e-08	20.5	51	427	mitochondrion
GO:0044444	9.362e-08	88.54	134	1844	cytoplasmic part
GO:0030018	4.286e-07	0.9123	10	19	Z disc
GO:0031966	2.689e-06	6.194	23	129	mitochondrial membrane
GO:0005740	4.578e-06	6.386	23	133	mitochondrial envelope
GO:0044429	6.019e-06	9.171	28	191	mitochondrial part
GO:0005737	1.392e-05	128.3	166	2671	cytoplasm
GO:0070469	4.343e-05	0.8643	8	18	respiratory chain
GO:0005856	4.823e-05	23.62	48	492	cytoskeleton
GO:0031967	5.323e-05	10.32	28	215	organelle envelope
GO:0044455	9.811e-05	1.585	10	33	mitochondrial membrane part
GO:0031975	1.005e-04	10.71	28	223	envelope
GO:0005746	1.983e-04	0.7683	7	16	mitochondrial respiratory chain
GO:0042383	2.961e-04	1.44	9	30	sarcolemma
GO:0015629	3.354e-04	5.042	17	105	actin cytoskeleton
GO:0031672	4.778e-04	0.3841	5 FHL2, MYBPC3, MYL3, MYL4, SMPX	8	A band
GO:0005743	7.096e-04	4.321	15	90	mitochondrial inner membrane
GO:0019866	7.231e-04	4.85	16	101	organelle inner membrane
GO:0005859	8.829e-04	0.2401	4 MYBPC3, MYL1, MYL3, MYL4	5	muscle myosin complex
GO:0016460	8.829e-04	0.2401	4 MYBPC3, MYL1, MYL3, MYL4	5	myosin II complex
GO:0016528	9.243e-04	0.4321	5 ATP2A2, CACNA1S, PLN, RYR2, TMEM38A	9	sarcoplasm
GO:0016529	9.243e-04	0.4321	5 ATP2A2, CACNA1S, PLN, RYR2, TMEM38A	9	sarcoplasmic reticulum
GO:0043228	1.494e-03	41.05	65	855	non-membrane-bounded organelle
GO:0043232	1.494e-03	41.05	65	855	intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle
GO:0005865	3.015e-03	0.144	3 TNNC1, TNNT2, TPM1	3	striated muscle thin filament
GO:0005747	3.830e-03	0.5762	5	12	mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I
GO:0030964	3.830e-03	0.5762	5	12	NADH dehydrogenase complex
GO:0045271	3.830e-03	0.5762	5	12	respiratory chain complex I
GO:0005916	9.110e-03	0.1921	3 CDH2, DSP, NRAP	4	fascia adherens
GO:0014704	9.110e-03	0.1921	3 CDH2, DSP, NRAP	4	intercalated disc
GO:0044291	9.110e-03	0.1921	3 CDH2, DSP, NRAP	4	cell-cell contact zone
GO:0030315	1.110e-02	0.4321	4 CACNA1C, CACNA1S, EDNRA, KCNJ5	9	T-tubule
GO:0032991	1.288e-02	50.95	72	1061	macromolecular complex
GO:0043234	1.312e-02	45.71	66	952	protein complex
GO:0031090	1.538e-02	32.36	50	674	organelle membrane
GO:0033017	1.838e-02	0.2401	3 ATP2A2, RYR2, TMEM38A	5	sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane
GO:0044424	2.445e-02	170.1	190	3542	intracellular part
GO:0031143	3.108e-02	0.2881	3 ACTN2, KBTBD10, LDB3	6	pseudopodium
GO:0005750	3.480e-02	0.09603	2 UQCRC1, UQCRC2	2	mitochondrial respiratory chain complex III
GO:0005861	3.480e-02	0.09603	2 TNNC1, TNNT2	2	troponin complex
GO:0005927	3.480e-02	0.09603	2 NRAP, SMPX	2	muscle tendon junction
GO:0016272	3.480e-02	0.09603	2 PDRG1, PFDN1	2	prefoldin complex
GO:0045252	3.480e-02	0.09603	2 DLD, DLST	2	oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
GO:0045254	3.480e-02	0.09603	2 DLD, PDHB	2	pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
GO:0045275	3.480e-02	0.09603	2 UQCRC1, UQCRC2	2	respiratory chain complex III

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List of all enriched GO categories (molecular function), at the 0.05 p-value level.

The columns:

ExpCount is the expected count of genes in the module annotated with the given GO term, just by chance.
Count is the number of genes in the module annotated with the given GO term.
Size is the total number of genes (in our universe) annotated with the GO term.

Clicking on Count shows the genes that drive the enrichment. You can also click on the individual numbers in the Count column, to show the driving genes for that individual GO category.

Clicking on the GO identifiers takes you to the Gene Ontology web pages.

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Id	Pvalue	ExpCount	Count	Size	Term
GO:0008307	2.801e-05	0.7087	8	14	structural constituent of muscle
GO:0016491	1.842e-04	10.38	28	205	oxidoreductase activity
GO:0005523	2.659e-03	0.2531	4 LMOD2, LMOD3, TMOD1, TNNT2	5	tropomyosin binding
GO:0003779	3.320e-03	6.277	18	124	actin binding
GO:0032036	8.012e-03	0.1519	3 MYBPC3, MYL3, MYL4	3	myosin heavy chain binding
GO:0016651	8.035e-03	1.215	7	24	oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH
GO:0003954	1.065e-02	0.6075	5	12	NADH dehydrogenase activity
GO:0008137	1.065e-02	0.6075	5	12	NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) activity
GO:0050136	1.065e-02	0.6075	5	12	NADH dehydrogenase (quinone) activity
GO:0016655	1.504e-02	0.6581	5	13	oxidoreductase activity, acting on NADH or NADPH, quinone or similar compound as acceptor
GO:0005198	1.813e-02	7.442	18	147	structural molecule activity
GO:0031432	2.197e-02	0.2025	3 ACTN2, MYBPC3, TRIM63	4	titin binding
GO:0008092	2.696e-02	9.771	21	193	cytoskeletal protein binding

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List of all enriched KEGG pathways, at the 0.05 p-value level.

The columns:

ExpCount is the expected count of genes in the module annotated with the given KEGG pathway, just by chance.
Count is the number of genes in the module annotated with the given KEGG pathway.
Size is the total number of genes (in our universe) annotated with the KEGG pathway.

Clicking on Count shows the genes that drive the enrichment. You can also click on the individual numbers in the Count column, to show the driving genes for that individual KEGG pathway.

Clicking on the KEGG identifiers takes you to the KEGG web site.

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Id	Pvalue	ExpCount	Count	Size	Term
04260	2.635e-07	1.312	12	25	Cardiac muscle contraction
05414	1.081e-05	1.784	12	34	Dilated cardiomyopathy
05410	7.897e-05	1.784	11	34	Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
05010	1.686e-04	2.309	12	44	Alzheimer's disease
00190	1.815e-04	1.574	10	30	Oxidative phosphorylation
00020	2.935e-04	0.7346	7	14	Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
05012	5.144e-04	1.417	9	27	Parkinson's disease
05412	1.485e-03	1.627	9	31	Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC)
05016	2.982e-02	2.571	9	49	Huntington's disease

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List of all enriched miRNA families, at the 0.05 p-value level.

The columns:

ExpCount is the expected count of genes in the module regulated by the given miRNA family, just by chance.
Count is the number of genes in the module regulated by the given miRNA family.
Size is the total number of genes (in our universe) regulated with the given miRNA family.

Clicking on Count shows the genes that drive the enrichment. You can also click on the individual numbers in the Count column, to show the driving genes for that individual miRNA family.

The miRNA regulation data was taken from the TargetScan database. (Only the conserved sites were used for the current analysis.) Clicking on the miRNA names takes you to the TargetScan web site.

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List of all enriched Chromosomes, at the 0.05 p-value level.

The columns:

ExpCount is the expected number of genes in the module on the given chromosome, just by chance.
Count is the number of genes in the module on the given chromosome.
Size is the total number of genes (in our universe) on the given chromosome.

Clicking on Count shows the genes that drive the enrichment. You can also click on the individual numbers in the Count column, to show the driving genes for that individual chromosome.

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A list of all genes in the current module, in alphabetical order. The size of the text corresponds to the gene scores.

Text color indicates correlation and anti-correlation: genes of the same color are correlated, both move up or down in the module samples (listed below). Genes of different color are anti-correlated, they have opposite behavior in the module samples.

Note, that text color of the individual genes should be interpreted together with the coloring of the samples below. For red samples, red genes have a higher expression (compared to the average gene expression level), green genes have a lower expression.

Green samples have opposite behavior, in these red genes have a lower expression, green genes have a higher expression.

Note that some gene symbols may show up more than once, if many probes match the same Entrez gene.

Genes with no Entrez mapping are given separately, with their Affymetrics probe ID.

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Conditions in the module, given in the same order as on the expression plot above. Red color means over-expression, green under-expression in the given condition.

The barplot below shows the condition (sample) scores. A separate bar is shown for each sample, its height is the corresponding score of the sample in the module. The red and green numbers on the bars are the sample scores expressed in percents, i.e. 100% is 1.0.

The height of each bar corresponds to the weighted mean expression of the module genes. The weights are the gene scores of the module and they are positive for the genes listed in red above and they are negative for the genes that are listed in green.

Bars going up correspond to samples listed in red (the ones that are different enough to included in the module). In these samples the red module genes are highly expressed, and the green module genes are lowly expressed. The behavior of the genes is the opposite for bars going down.

The red and green lines show the module thresholds, samples above the red line and below the green line are included in the module.

The different species and tissues that were part of the study, are separated by dashed vertical lines.

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Id	species	tissue	sex	individual
mml_ht_f_ca1	mml	ht	f	_
mmu_ht_f_ca1	mmu	ht	f	_
mmu_ht_m1_ca1	mmu	ht	m	1
mmu_ht_m2_ca1	mmu	ht	m	2

Previous module | Next module Module #502, TG: 2, TC: 2.2, 279 probes, 279 Entrez genes, 4 conditions

Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top Expression data

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Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top The GO tree — Biological processes

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Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top The GO tree — Cellular Components

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Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top The GO tree — Molecular Function

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Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top GO BP test for over-representation

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Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top GO CC test for over-representation

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Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top GO MF test for over-representation

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Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top KEGG Pathway test for over-representation

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Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top miRNA test for over-representation

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Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top Chromosome test for over-representation

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Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top Genes

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Entrez genes

Non-Entrez genes

Help | Hide | Top Help | Show | Top Conditions

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