Genome-wide analysis of a long-term evolution experiment with Drosophila
In this paper, Molly K. Burke and his collogues did an experimental evolution systems, which allows the genomic study of adaptation. They selected outbred, sexually reproducing, replicated populations of Drosophila melanogaster, which experienced over 600 generations of laboratory selection for accelerated development. Short-read sequences from three genomic DNA libraries, were obtained using Illumina platform, they are as follows: a) A pooled sample of five replicate populations that have undergone sustained selection for accelerated development and early fertility for over 600 generations (ACO); b) A pooled sample of five replicate ancestral control populations, which experience no direct selection on development time (CO); c) A single ACO replicate population (ACO1); Figure 1: Phenotypic divergence in the selection treatments In the above figure, the grey bar indicates values measured in the ACO and CO treatments for each of the five replicate populations. B indicates replicate populations, which represent phenotypes typical of populations kept on two-week generation maintenance schedules. This figure shows a comparative analysis between the ACO population and the population with the CO treatment. Every time, ACO featured significantly differentiated phenotypes, including shorter development time and reductions in pre-adult viability, longevity, adult body size and stress resistance. Furthermore, the CO treatment …
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